New research, which reconstructs the extent of ice in the sea between Greenland and Svalbard from the 13th century to the present indicates that there has never been so little sea ice as there is now. (University of Copenhagen press

A new study suggests that the form of El Niño may be changing, causing not only a greater number of hurricanes than in average years, but also a greater chance of hurricanes making landfall. (Georgia Institute of Technology press release)

Acquired June 29, 2009, this true-color image shows a small plume from a crater at Kilauea. A similar plume rises along the coastline where hot lava meets cold ocean water.

The crops and grasslands that sustain people in the Sahel and East Africa languished in the wake of poor rainfall during the 2009 rainy season.

The European Space Agency s Venus Express mission has charted the first infrared map of Venus southern hemisphere. The maps indicate that Venus may once have been more Earth-like, with plate tectonic

Microbes from the ocean have been shown to process methane in ways that were previously unknown. The discovery could help astrobiologists understand how the early biosphere of Earth interacted with ou

The Evogrid is a proposed computerized version of the primordial soup. Digitally simulating virtual particles could help answer the question of how life originated on Earth, and perhaps even spread li

Bulk viscosity suppresses elliptic flow v_2, as does shear viscosity. It canthus not be neglected when extracting the shear viscosity from elliptic flowdata. We here explore uncertainties in the bulk viscous contribution to viscousv_2 suppression that arise from presently uncontrolled

Modulated in time orbital electron capture (EC) decays have been observedrecently in stored H-like $^{140}$Pr$^{58+}$ and $^{142}$Pm$^{60+}$ ions.Although, the experimental results are extensively discussed in literature, afirm interpretation has still to be established. Periodic transitions betweenthe hyperfine states could possible

We calculate the effect of variation in the light-current quark mass, $m_q$,on standard big bang nucleosynthesis. A change in $m_q$ at during the era ofnucleosynthesis affects nuclear reaction rates, and hence primordialabundances, via changes the binding energies of light nuclei.

Emission processes including $\alpha$-decay, heavy cluster decays, proton anddi-proton emission are analyzed in terms of the well known factorisationbetween the penetrability and reduced width. By using a shifted harmonicoscilator plus Coulomb cluster-daughter interaction it is possible to derive alinear relation

We review the current status of theories and experiments aiming at anunderstanding and a determination of the properties of light vector and scalarmesons inside strongly interacting hadronic matter. Starting from a discussionof the relevant symmetries of QCD and their connection

We discuss the decay of Bc mesons into two light mesons (pi, K^(*), eta',rho, omega, phi). All these decay channels come from a single type of diagram,namely tree annihilation. This allows us to derive extremely simple SU(3)relations among these processes.

The physics underlying quark and lepton masses and mixings (the ``flavorproblem'') is the least well understood aspect of the Standard Model. Somequestions of flavor physics, and ways in which the LHC can help shed light onthis problem, are described.

We investigate an asymmetry in the angular distribution of hard elasticproton-neutron scattering with respect to 90deg center of mass scatteringangle. We demonstrate that the magnitude of the angular asymmetry is related tothe helicity-isospin symmetry of the quark wave function of

We derive mass corrections for semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering ofleptons from nucleons using a collinear factorization framework whichincorporates the initial state mass of the target nucleon and the final statemass of the produced hadron h. The hadron mass correction is

We outline the historical development of MRST/MSTW parton distributionfunctions (PDFs), and clarify how they should be regarded when compared to themost up-to-date 2008 MSTW sets, noting which sets are now obsolete and thereasons why.

Adaptation to environmental change is a common property of biologicalsystems. Cells initially respond to external changes in the environment, butafter some time, they regain their original state. By considering an elementconsisting of two variables that show such adaptation dynamics, we

We investigate dynamical heterogeneities in the collective relaxation of aconcentrated microgel system, for which the packing fraction can beconveniently varied by changing the temperature. The packing fraction dependentmechanical properties are characterised by a fluid-solid transition, where thesystem properties switch from